What is a patent?

A patent is a type of legal property right.

Just as owning real estate property gives you the right to exclude others from trespassing on your land, a patent also gives you the right to exclude others from "trespassing" on your invention. In the US, patents may be granted for a limited time for new and useful processes, machines, products, and compositions of matter.

Patent Law Firm in Vietnam 

Just as land has definite boundaries specified by a survey, a patent has definite boundaries specified in its claims. If someone else makes, uses, or sells what is within the scope of the claims of a patent, then they are "trespassing" on the patent rights ("infringing" is the legal term used). And just as a real estate owner can lease out their land to renters, a patent owner can license the patent to others.

Just as an owner of real estate property must pay property tax to the government, an owner of a patent also must pay the government a property tax (called a maintenance fee, renewal or annuity).

This is a rough analogy, that breaks down if you push it too far. For example, whereas real estate property boundaries are usually non-overlapping, the boundaries of patent rights can intersect and overlap. Another difference is that patent rights expire after a limited time, usually 20 years from the time the patent application is filed. And, whereas real estate property is tied to pre-existing real land, patents are intellectual property that are virtual in the sense that the rights are tied to making, using, or selling anything within the general scope defined by the claims.

There is a lot more to say about what kinds of things can and can not be patented, the criteria that must be met for an invention to be considered patentable, the process of preparing a patent application, filing it, and getting it granted, and so on. But the above hopefully gives basic idea of what a patent is.

ANT Lawyers - A Law firm in Vietnam is supported by a team of experienced patent, trademark, design attorneys with qualification and skills handling full range of legal services relating to intellectual property rights in Vietnam.  We have specialized in the preparation and registration of patents, trademarks and designs for our clients.

Source: Quora